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Repeat: [GATA]n= GenBank top strand
Allele Nomenclature Issues for DYS439: There are at least 3 different ways that alleles from DYS439 has been designated in the literature:
Ayub et al. (2000) Nucleic Acids Res. 28, e8 uses only the variable repeat (alleles 9-14) - NOW COMMONLY USED IN COMMERCIAL KIT LADDERS
Griganni et al. (2000) Int J Legal Med. 114: 125-129 uses 7 seemingly monomorphic GATA repeats upstream of the variable GATA repeat (alleles 16-21); +7 repeats
Gonzalez-Neira et al. (2001) Forensic Sci Int. 122: 19-26 designates the repeat as AGAT rather than GATA and uses 2 ATCT and the 7 monomorphic GATA repeats upstream of the variable repeat (alleles 18-23); +9 repeats
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Reported Primers |
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PCR Primer Sequences |
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Set 1 |
1075 |
5’-TCCTGAATGGTACTTCCTAGGTTT-3’ 5’-GCCTGGCTTGGAATTCTTTT-3’ |
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Set 2 |
1367 |
5’-ACATAGGTGGAGACAGATAGATGAT-3’ 5’-GCCTGGCTTGGAATTCTTTT-3’ |
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Set 3 |
5'-TCGAGTTGTTATGGTTTTAGGTCT-3' 5'-GTGGCTTGGAATTCTTTTACCC-3' |
PCR Product Sizes of Observed Alleles
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Allele (Repeat #) |
Set 1 |
Set 2 |
Repeat Structure |
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| 9 (16 or 18)* | 236 bp | 116 bp | [GATA]2 taca [GATA]3 N14 [GATA] gat [GATA] aatagaa [GATA]9 | 1075 |
| 10 (17 or 19) | 240 bp | 120 bp | [GATA]2 taca [GATA]3 N14 [GATA] gat [GATA] aatagaa [GATA]10 | 1075 |
| 11 (18 or 20) | 244 bp | 124 bp | [GATA]2 taca [GATA]3 N14 [GATA] gat [GATA] aatagaa [GATA]11 | 1075 |
| 12 (19 or 21) | 248 bp | 128 bp | [GATA]2 taca [GATA]3 N14 [GATA] gat [GATA] aatagaa [GATA]12 | 1075 |
| 13 (20 or 22) | 252 bp | 132 bp | [GATA]2 taca [GATA]3 N14 [GATA] gat [GATA] aatagaa [GATA]13 | 1075 |
| 14 (21 or 23) | 256 bp | 136 bp | [GATA]2 taca [GATA]3 N14 [GATA] gat [GATA] aatagaa [GATA]14 | 1075 |
*See allele nomenclature issues described above. The +7 repeat sequences are shown in light gray while the variable GATA repeat is bolded.
Allelic Ladders: Commercially available from Promega and Applied Biosystems
Common Multiplexes: PowerPlex Y, Yfiler
Mutation Rate: 0.61%